Strip shingle



E. H. KOENIG STRIP SHINGLE Oct. 29; 1940.

Filed June 1'7, 193a mvemon ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 29,

UNITED STATES 2,219,450 STRIP SHINGLE Edward Conn., a

1 Application June 17, 1938,

2 Claims.

The invention relates to coverings for protecting exposed surfaces and, more particularly to covering elements sometimes known as strip shingles.

The invention relates to strip shingles of the type shown and claimed in Guiterman application Serial No. 123,110, filed January '30, 1937, now Patent No. 2,120,278. According to the prior application, the strip shingle comprises a thin, fiat body adapted to lie fiat against the underlying supporting surface. The lower or weather edge of the strip is provided with spaced notches and the material between these notches is bent to form upstanding flange or bead-like members. Such a strip shingle is very economical in covering a roof since it is only necessary for each course to overlie the next lower course only and not the lower course once removed as in the case of Ordinary shingles.

When strip shingles of the above kind are made of extremely thin metal, even though corrugated, they become structurally quite soft and pliable so that they can be handled only with difflculty. It has been heretofore proposed to 5 reenforce the lower toe roll and toe flange to reduce distortion due to the workmen stepping on them while working on the roof. According to the present invention, the fiat body of the strip is efil'ciently reenforced and strengthened by providing an underlying lining of roofing paper or roofing felt adhesively secured .to the under surface of the strip.

A further feature of the invention provides unequally spacing the notches in the lower edges of the strips to provide the effect of random widths of individual shingles. Because of the random positioning of the notches, the unsightly effect of diagonal rows of shingles on the roof may be avoided, even though the strips themselves may all be alike.

A still further feature of the invention is the spacing of the holddown clips and of the shingle notches in a predetermined manner so that the clips of any underlying course never fall opposite the notches of the overlying course.

The invention also consists in certain new and original features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

Although the novel features which are believed to be characteristic of this invention will be particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto, the invention itself, as to its objects and advantages, and the manner in which it may be carried 5 out, may be better understood by referring to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming a part thereof, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of a single strip according 60 to the invention;

H. Koenig, West Orange, N. 3., The New Haven Copper Company,

corporation of Connecticut asslgnor to Seymour,

Serial No. 214,185

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3 through two adjoining courses;

Fig. 3 is a plan view illustrating a series of adjoining courses with several strip shingles in each course;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2; and a Fig. 5 is a section corresponding to Fig. 4 showing a different manner of securing the metal and composition layers together. I

In the following description and in the claims various details will be identified by specific names for convenience, but they are intended to be as generic in their application as the art will permit.

Like reference characters denote like parts in the several figures of the drawing.

In the drawing accompanying and forming part of this specification, certain specific disclosure of the invention is made for purposes of explanation, but it will be understood that the details may be modified in various respects without departure from the broad aspect of the invention.

Referring now to the drawing, each strip is indicated by i0 and comprises a flat body I I made up of an upper layer of rolled sheet metal l4 and a lower layer of roofing paper or roofing felt l1. Each strip has a lateral extension l8 for underlying the next strip in the same course as is more fully explained hereinaften The metal sheet l4 may be plane, or corrugated, as illustrated in the drawing. The upper sheet I has at its lower weather edge,a series of cutout notches l3. Extending between these notches are upstanding flange members or toe rolls l2 formed by bendingor pressing the rolled metal stock. The upstanding flanges I2 are further bent to form a series oftoe flanges l6. flanges l6 and toe rolls I! may be strengthened .by bending back a single layer of metal indicated by 15, or by folding back a plurality of layers, as explained more fully in the copending Farmer application above referred to.

The lower layer I1 is made of material known in the trade as roofing paper or roofing felt. This material is sold on the market invarious grades and weights and comprises vegetable or animal fibers suitably felted togetherand impregnated with asphaltum, bitumen or other binding and waterproofing material. This roofing paper or roofing felt is waterproof and the material is similar to that used in the so-called composition shingles except that it has no coating of slate or stone particles. This material is cut .to the proper length and width and is cemented to the under surface of the body H by any well-known sticky adhesive material. The paper or felt layer l1 runs the length of the strip except that in some cases it may not extend under the extension l8. In this event, the number of thicknesses is reduced when the extension I8 is lapped under the adjacent strip. The paper or felt layer l1 runs in width from the upper edge of the metal strip to the notches I I.

If desired, the roofing felt l1. may also extend into the toe rolls l2 and toe flanges l8, thus roll and toe flange. The felt strip might be cemented to a plane copper strip before corrugating and before forming the toe rolls or cutting the notches l3.

-The adhesive material may be of any of the well-known roofing cements on the market capable of adhering both to the roofing paper and to the metal. For example, the cement may be of such consistency that it may be applied hot at a temperature of. say around 1l0 115 C. and may be quite liquid at this temperature, becoming sticky and hard as it cools to ordinary temperature. The cement should have a sufilciently high melting point so as not to run or bleed when subjected to the hot sun on a roof and, at the same time, it should be sufllciently elastic when cold so as not to crack under winter temperatures.

It is preferred to have the layer of roofing felt I! adhere very slightly to the metal ll. For example, the cement may be applied only in widely spaced streaks or daubs, the adherence being merely sufficient to hold the layers of felt and metal together during handling and laying. The clips clamped around the upper edge of the strip, as described more in detail hereinafter, may serve to hold the upper edges of the felt and metal layers together. After the strips are laid on the roof, the nails and clips serve to hold the layers in proper relation as will hereinafter appear.

In other cases the cement may be applied substantiaily uniformly over the entire area of the felt layer l1, thus holding the layers of roofing felt and metal tenaciously together, making, in effect, a one-piece, comparatively stiff laminated strip. The cement may have considerable body, filling in the corrugations as indicated by in Fig. 4, or the cement may be applied in such way that it adheres only to the crests of the corrugations, the bottoms of the corrugations being left empty, as indicated 'in Fig. 5.

In the case where the cement is applied uniformly to the felt and adheres of the corrugations, as in Fig. 5, and in the case where the cement is applied only in spaced streaks or daubs, 'dead air spaces, indicated by 3| in Fig. 5, are obtained within the corrugations. These dead air spaces impart excellent insulating properties to the shingles against both cold and heat. 7

For holding down the weather edges of overlying courses, a series of clips, indicated by 20, are provided. These clips may be made of heavier metal than the metal of the strips. For example, the clips may be made of rolled copper having a weight of twelve ounces to the square foot before corrugating. The clips are made with a lower hook 2| and an upper hook 22. The clips are positioned over the upper edge of the strips, preferably in the factory. They are spaced the proper distance apart and in proper relation to .the notches l3, as will be more completely explained hereinafter. The clips are attached by subjecting their upper ends to a squeezing pressure which indents them and the material of the stripshingle, as indicated at 23 in Fig. 2, interlocking these members together.

These indentations, indicated by 23, are sumcient to hold the clips firmly in place on the .shingles may be laid directly roofing strip for when the roofer all ordinary purposes so that, applies a strip to the roof, the

may be as clips are marked with punch marks 24 for roofing nails.

It will be noted that the notches I I are variably spaced. This is for the purpose of providing the artistic eifect of shingles of various widths. The spacing between notches I3 and the spacing between clips 20 and the relation between the nails firmly holding down the clips and the upper unlike the end of ordinary wooden or slate shingles. The combined thickness of both the metal layer l4 and roofing felt ll is so small that, by itself, would not provide an effective shadow line usually associated with artistic roofs made up of wood shingles having thick butt ends.

The supporting surface sheathing boards lying close continuous support. The board surface may be first covered with'insulating paperor the strip on the boards. itself may run, for

may constitute The thickness of the metal together to form a- I manner.

. ner to the under example, around a few thousandths of an inch. For rolled copper, having a weight of three ounces to the square foot of uncorrugated stock, the thickness will run about four one-thousandths of an inch. of weights known in the trade as twelve or fifteen pound felt, running in thickness of around %;4 to 3 s of an inch. The thicknesses shown in the drawing are greatly exaggerated to bring out the construction. The number of corrugations in the metalmay run four or five to the inch, the corrugations being so small and shallow that all parts of the bodies of the strips lie close to the supporting surface so that it is diflicult for rain or wind to beat in under the strip shingles. The strips may run about four feet in length. Obviously, the above dimensions are illustrative only and may vary considerably.

Any desired metal or other material having suitable properties may be used for the upper layer 14. Copper is preferred on account of its excellent roofing qualities. In present commercial developments, to lower costs, it has been,

found desirable to use a very lightweight copper of the order of three or four ounces tothe square foot of uncorrugated rolled stock. This metal is light, soft and easily bent and because of the length of the strips, when not V the lower layer, they are difficult to ship, handle and lay. The provision of the roofing paper or felt overcomes this disadvantage in an excellent The roofing paper and the corrugations of the metal help stiffen the body of the strip and makes it much easier to handle when laying on the roof.

The roofing felt also helps prevent water from getting underneath the strip shingles. The layer of roofing felt acts as a safety cover in case the metal surface is accidentally punctured, this roofing paper or felt being waterproof. The low.- er layer also seals around the fastening nails 25. In addition, this underlying layer of roofing paper insulates and cold.

In effect, the composite strip of layer of metal and a lower layer of composition waterproof material provides a double layer of shingles, an outer layer of fireproof metal shingles having a pleasing appearance and an under layer of heat insulating material, both layers being waterproof.

The random spacing of the notches l3 improves the artistic eifect of the roof. Even though the strips are of identical manufacture, the effect of random widths of wooden, tile 01 other shingles is obtained. diagonal lines of shingles obtained when the shinglesare all of uniform width is also avoided. The multiple relation between notch spacings and clip spacings provides effective holddown action of the clips at all parts of the vulnerable weather edges without interfering with the illusion of separate shingles which the notches are intended to give. These advantages are illustrated particularly in Fig. 3.

It will be understood that me may be secured in the above-described mansurface of any metal covering element. For example, it may be secured to the under surface of'individual shingles of the type shown in Clapp application Serial No. 112,626, flied November 25, 1936 now Patent No. 2,142,177.

The roofing paper may be strengthened with g The undesirable a layer of felt roofhaving hooks .ing a top layer of corrugated metal and While certain novel features of the invention have been disclosed and are pointed out in annexed claims, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A covering for a roof or the like comprising a series of relatively long and narrow strip shingles adapted to be laid lengthwise across a supporting surface, each upper shingle overlapping the next preceding lower shingle but not the lower shingle once removed, each shingle comprising a substantiallyfiat, two-ply bbdy having a top layer of corrugateed metal and a bottom layer of plane roofing frabric secured to said body, the corrugations of said metal being relatively small so that said entire body lies substantially close to and fiat against said supporting surface, said roofing fabric bridging the corru ations to form dead air spaces between said layers, said metal also being bent at the weather edge to form an upstanding trough-shaped, flange-like toe roll and a toe flange, said corrugations extending transversely to the length of the strip and continuously across said body, said toe roll and toe flange, the upper margin of each shingle having a plurality of fastening clips secured thereto on the upper surface thereof and overlying the toe flanges of the overlying .strips, and fastening nails passing through said clips and through the upper margins of the attached shin les into the supporting surface. said nails being located'under the lower margins of the overlying shingles.

2. A covering for a roof or the a series of relatively lon and narrow strip shin les adapted to be laid lengthwise across a supporting surface, each upper shingle overlap ping the next preceding lower shingle but not the lower shingle once removed, each shingle comprising a substantially flat, two-ply body hava bottom layer'of plane roofing felt secured to said body, the corrugations of said metal small so that said entire body lies substantially close to and flat against said supporting surface, said roofing felt bridging the corrugations to form dead air spaces between said layers, said metal also being bent at the weather edge to form an upstanding trough-shaped, flange-like toe roll and a toe flange, said corrugations extending transversely to the length of the strip and continuously across said body, said toe roll and toe flange, said toe rolls and flanges having recesses therein variably spaced to produce the effect of individual shingles of random widths, the upper margin of each shingle having a plurality of uniformly spaced fastening clips secured theretoon the upper surface thereof and having hooks overlying the toe flanges of the overlying shingles, the-spacing of said recesses being multiples of the spacing of said clips to avoid interference between the clips and recesses irrespective of the random spacing of the recesses, and fastening nails passing through said clips and the EDWARD n. KOENIG.

like comprising v 

